The Provision Of Public Health Services Essay - 1484 Words

The author was hired as the new Vice President of Quality and Safety for a full-service 600-bed government healthcare organization. Within the first month on the job, the national security threat level has been raised to Imminent, which means there is a credible, specific, an impending terrorist threat against the United States and the facility may be directly impacted. Upon this report, the Chief Executive Officer has requested an immediate six to eight (6-8) page report on a proposal for handling such a situation. The author has to be very knowledgeable, factual, accurate, and validated when presenting this proposal. The public health system takes into consideration â€Å"all public, private, and voluntary entities that contribute to the delivery of essential public services within a jurisdiction. Therefore this concept ensures that all entities’ contributions to the health and well-being of the community or the state are recognized in assessing the provision of public he alth services†. Examine the existing procedures related to at least four (4) of the ten (10) essential health services. Focus on the principal effects that these procedures will have on your hospital during the emergency. The four existing procedures chosen from the ten essential health services that will be examined are: Firstly, Monitor health status to identify and solve community health problems this aspect falls under the Assessment section of the essential public health services. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Provision Of Public Health Services Essay1406 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The author was hired as the new Vice President of Quality and Safety for a full-service 600-bed government healthcare organization. Within the first month on the job, the national security threat level has been raised to Imminent, which means there is a credible, specific, and impending terrorist threat against the United States and the facility may be directly impacted. Upon this report, the Chief Executive Officer has requested an immediate six to eight (6-8) page report on a proposalRead MorePrioritizing Mental Health : Service Provision Within Arizona s Public Schools2886 Words   |  12 PagesMental Health: Service Provision in Arizona’s Public Schools The transition from childhood to adolescents introduces several challenges to youths’ socio-emotional, relational, and mental health. Ranging from poor self-esteem, to friendship and family friction, to depression and anxiety, all of these challenges constitute a significant need for psychosocial and emotional support. Failure to provide such support has been associated with physical and behavioral co-morbidities that affect health and wellbeingRead MoreThe United States Health Care Public Safety Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesBackground The United States health care public safety net system largely provides healthcare services to the uninsured and the under insured. However, this vulnerable population still cannot access adequate care and compared to the privately insured population, the uninsured receive less preventative and specialty health care services. The need for safety net providers to improve the delivery and access to care has led to increased funding through the Patient Protection and Affordable Care ActRead Morehsc care for children and young people1207 Words   |  5 PagesPeople. Q. Describe health and social care services provision for looked- after children and young people (Pass 3). Organisation of care provision. Care is provided for children and young people by the following agencies; -Central and local government. -The voluntary sector. -Private providers. -Provision for young offenders. Central government. There are a number of departments and services within central government as detail below. Department of health; This government departmentRead MoreBenefits Of The Canadian Healthcare System1424 Words   |  6 Pageshealthcare system is a public funded single payer system that offers universal coverage to every Canadian legal resident. The national health insurance program is network of provincial and territorial health insurance programs that all have common characteristics and offer basic standard of service. The insurance program is designed to offer coverage for the medically necessary hospital care, outpatient physician services, diagnostic, chronic and rehabilitative, and acute services. (Lassey,1997). TheRead MorePublic Health Services For Nhs England1445 Words   |  6 PagesRehabilition services are there for many people suffering from mental health issues, drug or alcohol abuse or even for servicemen and women who have been injured in the armed forces. Public health services commissioned not only by the CCGs but also by PHE whom also works closely with NHS England and the department of health to be provided. These services should aim to provide efficient healthcare to people living within UK. Primary care is what patients mainly look out for when they are in needRead MoreThe Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act1609 Words   |  7 PagesIt has always been the job of health care providers to maintain doctor-patient confidentiality. Not only is it a legal obligation it is also an ethical obligation to many doctors, nurses, physician’s assistants and many other medical staff. Until recently medical records were primarily recorded on paper and stored in cabinets and locked in what was believed as a secure room. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act also known as HIPAA, was passed on August 21, 1996. Although the lawRead MoreImproving The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act 20101206 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction Healthcare is paramount to the life of an individual. Health systems, costs and outcomes play a vital role in the determination of whether a nation is striving towards maintaining and protecting its citizens. USA operates under the mixed market healthcare system whereby both the government and private sector play a role in the provision of health services. It is evident that the private sector plays a larger role than the government. The USA aims at attaining three forms of healthcareRead MoreBiosimilar Drug Case Study957 Words   |  4 Pagesdedicated by FDA for the expedition of the evaluation process for the biosimilar organic products (Messer, 2017). Notably, these products are essential as they offer life-altering or life-changing benefits at a lower cost to the patients. Therefore, the provision is building on the development of the biosimilar products and support guidance for the developers (Tingle, 2017). Significantly, fees for the biosimilar biological products will be eva luated once per product in each fiscal year whereby it shall generateRead MoreDifferences And Impvantages Better Services1143 Words   |  5 Pagesbetter services and to help me test my hypothesis about the positive externalities generated. From the survey, about 50% of the patients I surveyed at the hospital thought that the UK health care system does not work efficiently and this is because of the NHS having to deal with many problems and the government failing to allocate funds efficiently. Many of the patients believed that the NHS should be manged more like a private sector. While most economist accept inevitability of public funding

Ponzi Scheme - 865 Words

Ponzi Scheme Corporate Finance A Ponzi scheme is an illegal business practice in which new investor’s money is used to make payments to earlier investors. In many Ponzi schemes, the fraudsters focus on attracting new money to make promised payments to earlier-stage investors and to use for personal expenses, instead of engaging in any legitimate investment activity. The returns are repaid out of new investors’ principal, but not from profits. This can continue as long as new investors line up with cash, and old investors don’t try to withdraw too much of their money at once. Ponzi scheme is named after Charles Ponzi, known as the Father of the Ponzi scheme and the infamous swindler, who paid out returns with other investors†¦show more content†¦He had started his business with a loan of $200, but within months he had two offices in Boston with a staff of dozens of employees processing sales, and he bought a modest mansion for $35,000. Of course, there were no actual profits, Ponzi had not actually bought the IRCs, and he paid early investors with the funds derived from later investors. This only worked well for him because of the rapid payments made to investors. People saw what he could do and they wanted in, so he was selling the IRC’s quickly and convincing people to reinvest their funds, he was able to postpone his financial obligations even longer. By the time the scheme collapsed his income was estimated at $1M per week, and late coming investors were defrauded of between $7 - $15M. The downfall started from some investigative journ alism, this led to the District attorney getting involved and Ponzi being charged. Most of Ponzis gains were seized in an involuntary bankruptcy hearing, and what little remained was spent in his subsequent legal battles. Ponzi’s scheme was exposed by newspaper reports in 1920 and despite his claims of innocence, a federal audit confirmed his operation was bankrupt, owing almost $4 million or more to investors. After investigation, Ponzi was charged with 86 counts of mail fraud and sentenced to five years in federal prison, and while incarcerated on federal charges heShow MoreRelatedPonzi Schemes : A Ponzi Scheme2297 Words   |  10 Pages A â€Å"Ponzi scheme† is defined by the SEC as investment fraud, that incorporates remuneration of professed returns to old investors from funds contributed by new investors. It could be thought of as a systematic process, requiring consistent fraudulent action and deceitfulness. Usually Ponzi schemes are generally short in length, but Madoff’s lasted for almost 30 years. In simpler terms, a Ponzi scheme is built upon the idea of robbing Peter to pay Paul, when in essence no real investment is made (MoafRead MorePonzi Scheme1146 Words   |  5 PagesPonzi Scheme Keller Graduate School Forensics Accounting The Bernie Madoff scam truly made history. Bernie Madoff probably would not have been able to prolong this scam without the continued help of the Accounting Firm of Friehling amp; Horowitz CPAs PC, who at last reported purported to audit financial statements and disclosures of Madoff firm for the last 17 years. Ponzi schemed to help Madoff by trying to go undetected because of Friehling deceiving investors and regulators by declaringRead MoreThe Scheme Of Ponzi Scheme1809 Words   |  8 Pagessugar up the schemes in order to make it look like a real one. Typically, scam makers claim they are savvy or skilled at investing. A Ponzi scheme is one of the common frauds in life. It is a special type of illegal pyramid operation (Wells, 2010). The scheme organizers promise high rates of return with little risk to investors. In many Ponzi schemes, the fraudsters do not invest the money. Instead, they use it to pay the earlier investors and may keep some for themselves. Ponzi scheme is predestinedRead MoreA Report On The Ponzi Scheme1627 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary This report provides a breakdown and assessment of the Ponzi scheme run by American swindler and former stockbroker, investment advisor, and financier Bernard â€Å"Bernie† Madoff. The research draws attention to the biggest fraudulent scheme in U.S. history, emphasizing the use of the so-called Ponzi scheme. Madoff used a variety of techniques that made it difficult to disclose the scam. At the end of each month Madoff sold all stocks and financial instruments so that the hedge fundRead MorePonzi Scheme1384 Words   |  6 PagesA â€Å"Ponzi Scheme† is an investment fraud that involves the payment of alleged returns to existing investors from funds contributed by new investors. Ponzi scheme organizers often seek new investors by showing potential in their company; they entice investors to invest funds in opportunities claimed to generate high returns with little or no risk. In many Ponzi schemes, the fraudsters focus on attracting new money to make promised payments t o earlier-stage investors and to use for personal expensesRead MoreMadoff Ponzi Scheme1249 Words   |  5 PagesMadoff Ponzi Scheme 1.Recent Developments * February 4, 2009 The whistle blower Harry Markopolos has told his nine years of warnings to SEC officials without making any action. * Oct. 2, 2009.Jeffrey Picower, one of the greatest beneficiaries of the scheme, was found dead at the bottom of his pool. According to the autopsy report, he suffered a massive heart attack while in the swimming pool resulting in accidental drowning * December 12, 2010.Mark Madoff, son of Bernard Madoff, committedRead MoreThe Bernie Madoff Ponzi Scheme2588 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction The Bernie Madoff Ponzi Scheme is a well-known case and is known as one of the biggest Ponzi scheme’s. In summary the scheme occurred for many reasons that I will some up into 3 points; A lack in competency by regulatory agencies, a lack of regulation, and finally a breach in ethics by Bernie Madoff himself. To explain further, the regulatory agencies like the lawyers and SEC are supposed to prevent schemes such as this one from happening but because they lacked the skills to correctlyRead MoreEssay The Madoff Ponzi Scheme3338 Words   |  14 Pageswhite-collar crime of all times, a Ponzi scheme. Similar to that of a pyramid scheme, a Ponzi scheme uses money from new investors to pay off the older investors. The term Ponzi scheme was developed with the first known con artist in such an attempt, Charles Ponzi, who in 1920 advertised that he could payout a 50% return on investments in only 45 days. As individuals throughout New Jersey and New England began investing, and somet imes mortgaging their house to do so, Ponzi was taking in millions of dollarsRead MoreHistory of the Ponzi Scheme Essay612 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of the Ponzi Scheme Is named after con man Charles Ponzi, a Ponzi scheme is an investment fraud that involves the payment of purported returns to existing investors from funds contributed by new investors.(SEC, 2013) . Typically Ponzi Schemes entice investors with ensuring higher returns rather than alternative investments, in the form of short-term returns that are either abnormally high or remarkably consistent. Top broker, Bernie Madoff, was found guilty of this scheme, which will furtherRead MoreMadoff Ponzi Scheme And Whistleblowers1151 Words   |  5 PagesMadoff Ponzi Scheme and Whistleblowers Due diligence is â€Å"A comprehensive appraisal of a business undertaken by a prospective buyer, especially to establish its assets and liabilities and evaluate its commercial potential.† (Oxford Dictionaries). Every investor and self-respecting business should do their homework before trusting any other business with their money. Fairfield Greenwich Group claimed a loss of $7 billion that has â€Å"vaporized† with Bernie Madoff (Blodget, H., April 1, 2009). The Fairfield

All societies and cultures place a great emphasis on the differences between males and females Free Essays

string(208) " now arguing that the roles of men and women are determined by culture and are therefore learned as part of the socialisation process, and ultimately there is nothing natural about the roles that women play\." All societies and cultures place a great emphasis on the differences between males and females. When a child is born we categorise its gender as being either male or female, or of either being a girl or a boy, and depending on which of these categories you fall in to will have a huge bearing on how your life will evolve. Some basic facts can serve as starting points. We will write a custom essay sample on All societies and cultures place a great emphasis on the differences between males and females or any similar topic only for you Order Now The unique reproductive capacities of females normally mark their lives by menstruation, pregnancy, parturition, lactation, and menopause. Males are, on average, larger and have greater physical strength than females in the same population. The burden of evidence also indicates that males are more aggressive, although this is not as well established as the facts of physical morphology and reproductive capacity (Nadelson, pg 3, 1991) However, as Nadelson states none of these capacities or apparent predispositions are uniformly translated into adaptive outcomes across human populations because of variations in technology, socioeconomic organisation, and cultural values. Female reproduction can be halted by celibacy or infertility or delayed by the use of contraception, and lactation can be avoided by using infant formula. The strength of males can diminish as machinery becomes available to do the heavy work. The aggressiveness of young males, though valuable for defence can become socially disruptive if there is no need for local troops. Behavioural differences between boys and girls can be reduced in later childhood when they are raised together and boys perform tasks defined as feminine. Thus the existence of gender specific capacities does not predict how or to what extent they will be used for purposes of adaptation. (Nadelson, pg 4, 1991) Field work carried out by anthropologists within non Western societies provide support for this point, in the East African highlands, where ploughs and animals are absent, the heavy work of cultivation is done largely by women. The same women carry 50-pound loads on their heads over considerable distances, in addition to bearing and raising children and managing their homes. Anthropologists use the term socialisation as a concept to mean the teaching that prepares the young to be competent members of their society. Training children to fit gender roles and to internalise the benefits and values appropriate to performing their roles in all situations and social instructions is a primary job of socialisers the world over. (Herdt, pg 68, 1987) Throughout history many people have long since argued to what extent culture can shape gender and what influences gender identity. The physical appearance of someone, the way they dress and how they act are all supposed to be characteristics of being either male or female. All cultures have acceptable roles based on the sex of the individual and these roles are determined by a person’s position within their family and society. Many argue that gender roles are culturally rather than biologically produced and whiles a person’s sex refers to biological differences between male and females, it is through gender socialisation that a person acquires his or her gender. It is through this process that a person learns what is masculine and feminine, and how to act accordingly, dependant on the surroundings he or she is in. (www. sociology. org. uk/tecelth. htm) Giddens states that when speaking of sexual differences we are distinguishing between males and females, when speaking of gender it is between masculine and feminine. The content of the male / female distinction is genetically determined and largely universal, whereas the content of the masculine / feminine distinction is culturally determined and highly variable. Giddens, pg 148, 1987) Depending on the society in which we live depends on the activities and characteristics donated to males and females, and while these may be deemed as natural within their own unique culture this may not be so throughout all of society. An example of this being the rituals carried out within the Sambia, an initiation takes place were the main purpose is to make boys big and strong and to make them aggressive warriors. They have to be removed from their mothers and other females as this will also remove their feminine traits, such as shyness and crying. The initiation process involves ridding them of these feminine traits and unlearning all of their so far learnt behaviour. They have to learn how to be masculine. However, this is also a slight two fold initiation in that the Sambia believe that as the male body is incapable of producing semen it has to be externally acquired, as the presence of semen in the body is a sign of masculinity. The semen is digested orally, provided by older members of the men’s secret society. The boys will never be allowed back to theirs mothers again and will remain with the other male members of the tribe throughout their childhood, teenage years and early manhood. The female is seen as weaker and the boys can not be allowed to be weakened by her. (Herdt, pg 68, 1987) As has already been identified different societies define gender roles in a variety of different ways, however what is evident is that regardless of culture or society, males tend to always have more power and more authority than women. Giddens, pg 149, 1987) Anthropologists such as George Peter Murdoch argue that biological differences such as the greater physical strength of men and the fact that women bear children lead to a sexual division of labour in society. Murdoch surveyed 224 societies and found that tasks such as hunting, lumbering and mining are usually part of the male role, while cooking and child care were usually assigned to the women. Murdoch states that women were handicapped by the physiological burdens of pregnancy and nursing. (Haralambos, pg 267, 1986) The rise of the Women’s Liberation Movement have contributed to the criticism that gender roles are shaped by biology, and more are now arguing that the roles of men and women are determined by culture and are therefore learned as part of the socialisation process, and ultimately there is nothing natural about the roles that women play. You read "All societies and cultures place a great emphasis on the differences between males and females" in category "Papers" It is all learnt behaviour, and as Marjorie Garber states in Vested Interest (1991) the reason that that female to male transgendered people are not generally seen as that remarkable as their male to female equivalents is because it is quite normal in our male dominated culture for a woman to want to become a man, as it is still recognised that social power is most often attached to being male. Even Sigmund Freud’s theory on gender was based on the idea that the ownership of a penis reflects masculinity and power, and being female means simply being absent of a penis. Girls, he states suffer from â€Å"penis envy† and due to this they under value their mother’s position in the family because she lacks a penis. The father is therefore generally in power and makes all females within the family adopt a submissive attitude. This is referred to by Freud as the Electra Complex. Freud’s theory comes in for a lot of criticism by many, as most of his analysis is based solely on biological differences, namely the ownership of a penis. However, as Mark Johnson discovered whilst carrying out fieldwork in the Southern Philippines the ownership of a penis is not always a sign of masculinity and it is rather what is done with it. The ‘bantut’ he discovered was thought of by almost all of the community as a man who was either sexually impotent in some way, or who had a small penis, or who was unable to have or sustain an erection (Johnson, pg 94, 1997) It could not be conceived that the ‘bantut’ chose this way of life and the desire to be elegant and sensual, to take care over their appearance, to appreciate beauty, to be vulnerable and protected, to be tender and caring, to be coy and flirtatious. As in many cultures there are two types of gender, male and female, masculine or feminine. Transgender is a term that has over recent years entered the vocabulary as a term to designate to anyone not covered by the term, man or woman (www. glbthistory. org/about/ourstory/tg-at-hs. lasso) However, it should be noted that transgender people, along with homosexuals, women and any number of racial and ethnic groups have joined the ranks of being publicly recognised minorities. www. badsubjects. com/issueno7/1993/annaleenewitz) In Cross-Dressing and Re-Dressing: Transvestism as Metaphor, Gilbert and Gubar remark that both Violet Trefusis and Vita Sackville-West wrote about their experiences of there being more than one possibility of opposite genders: In 1920, when Vita Sackville West looked back on her exuberant impersonation of the wounded soldier, ‘Julian’ during the height of her post war love affair with Violet Trefusis, she was bemused. She had experienced herself, she remembered, as inhabited by several sexes: â€Å"I hold the conviction that as centuries go on the sexes will become more nearly merged on account of their increasing resemblances† (Gilbert Gumar, pg 324, 1989) Clearly, this has not happened, eighty six years on and although, although it is not illegal for a man to wear women’s clothing, we would certainly not appear to be moving towards a gender free, multi-gender or even gender-balanced society, despite living in an age were hairstyles and clothing have such a huge impact on how we perceive a person and their individuality. Why in the twenty first century is it still more acceptable for a man to carry a knife than to wear women’s clothes, and why is it still so clear that they are women’s clothes. (Suthrell, pg 9, 2004) The area of gender is a very confusing and at times very cloudy one. It appears that studies throughout history have shown that there are explicit differences between sex and gender and that it is society which transforms biological males and females into sociological men and women. Children it appears discover their gender identity from their parents and parents construct their identity by ensuring that they pursue interests and adopt mannerisms that are stereotypical of a male or female within their society. This means that from a very early age the child knows which gender category he or she falls into. In Western society it could be argued that the media plays a huge role in depicting how males and females should behave, with women usually portrayed in the traditional role of mother and wife, or damsel in distress. Indeed, many fairytales, which have a huge influence on children still tend to portray men as the heroic male, who along with saving the planet will ultimately also have to save the female too. Even in non Western societies were the media have very little or no influence gender roles are still very apparent, Ian Hogbin’s account of childbirth and the role of men in a New Guinea villages gives an account of men supposedly being too clumsy and unskilled to minister to a tiny infant, and therefore, the father does not touch his young offspring. After about two weeks the women may give it to him for a few minutes, but six months elapse before he holds it for any length of time. (Hogbin, pg 58, 1963) From birth this child will know his or her place within the village and thus history continues to repeat itself. Nobody within the village will question why things are done this way and social pressure will ensure that this is how things continue. It could therefore be assumed that it is in fact social pressure which ensures that most within society conform to the gender role bequeathed to them, a role which they are led to believe is â€Å"normal† and this is why those who elect their own gender, whether that be male, female or something entirely different are usually pushed out of society and not accepted. How to cite All societies and cultures place a great emphasis on the differences between males and females, Papers

Market Power and Regulation System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Market Power and Regulation System. Answer: Introduction: The natural monopolies are conducive to the industries, in which the largest supplier obtains cost advantages and it needs to be regulated for minimising risks. An industry incumbent defines a natural monopoly, in which the biggest supplier could develop theoretically the lowest prices of production with the help of economies of scope or scale (Barata, 2017). Hence, the natural monopoly conditions are at greater risk of developing actual economies and benefits of the society to regulate such situations. The regulating industries in order to reduce monopolisation along with maintaining competitive equality could be pursued with the help of average pricing of cost, regulations related to return rate, price ceilings, subsidies and taxes. Thus, the current essay aims to describe the way and the reasons that the government might want to regulate the price setting of a natural monopoly. Depiction of the way and the reasons that the government might want to regulate the price setting of a n atural monopoly: The government might intend to regulate monopolies for ensuring the interests of the consumers. For instance, the monopolies have market power in setting greater prices in contrast to competitive markets. The government could regulate monopolies with the help of standard rivalry, price capping and preventing monopoly power growth. There are several reasons that the government regulates the price setting of a natural monopoly. Firstly, the government aims to prevent additional increase in product or service prices. In the absence of government regulation, the monopolies could quote prices, which would exceed the competitive equilibrium (Bs, 2015).As a result, there would be inefficient allocation and fall in consumer welfare. Secondly, the government wants to regulate the price setting of a natural monopoly. For instance, if an organisation enjoys monopoly over the provision of a particular product, it might have minimal incentive for offering effective quality service. The government regulation could assure the organisation to achieve minimum service standards (Davies, 2014). Thirdly, an organisation having monopoly selling power might be in a situation to exploit monopsony purchasing power. For instance, the supermarkets might utilise dominant market position in squeezing the farmers profit levels. Fourthly, the government enforces regulation in order to promote the overall competition in the economy (Hawley, 2015).This is because in few industries, competition could be assured and this would minimise the need for government regulation. Fifthly, some industries are adjudged as natural monopolies because of greater economies of scale and the effective number of firms is one. Hence, competition could be encouraged and it is necessary in regulating the organisation in protecting the abuse of monopoly power (Hiriart Thomas, 2017). Several methods are available by which the government could regulate price setting in a natural monopoly. The first method is price capping on the part of the regulators through price capping regulators CPI-X. In case of newly privatised industries like electricity, water and gas, the organisation has developed regulatory agencies like OFGEM for the markets of electricity and gas, OFWAT for tap water and ORR for rail regulator office (Hirschfeld, 2015). Out of these functions, they would be able to minimise the increase in prices. This could be accomplished with the help of a formula CPI-X. In this case, X is the amount by which the prices could be minimised in real terms. In case, inflation is 3% and X is 1%, the organisations could raise actual prices by 2% (3% -1%). In case, the regulator views that an organisation could conduct efficiency savings and it is charging additional to the customers, it could set a greater X level. In the beginning years of the regulation related to telecommunication, the X-level has been extremely high, as efficiency savings help in larger price cuts. In case of water industry, the price cap system is CPI -/+K. K is the quantity of investment, which the water organisation is needed to implement. Thus, if the water organisations are required to invest in effective water pipes, they would be able to raise the prices for funding their investments. There are various benefits of CPI-X regulation. The regulator could adopt increase in prices based on the industrial state and potential savings related to efficiency. In case, an organisation minimises costs above X, they could raise their profit level. However, as argued by Jamal Sunder (2014), incentives are inherent in minimising costs. As no competition is inherent, CPI-X is a method of raising competition and this limits the abuse of monopoly power. However, the CPI-X regulation is costly and difficult to analyse for ascertaining the overall level of X. There is a risk associated with regulatory capture, in which the regulators are too soft on the organisation and this allows them in increasing prices to make adequate profit from investment. In addition, in case of inefficiency of a firm, penalty might be imposed on them by having greater X levels for keeping its efficiency saving. The regulators could investigate the service quality provided on the part of the monopoly. For instance, the regulator of rail investigates the record of safety related to rail organisations for assuring that they do not cut corners. In the markets of gas and electricity, the regulators would ensure that the aged individuals are treated with utmost concern. This includes not enabling an organisation to reduce gas supplies in winter. The government has a policy to examine mergers that would develop monopoly power. In case, a new merger develops an organisation exceeding 25% of the market share, it is referred automatically to the Competition Commission. Such commission could determine in allowing or blocking the merger (Lim Yurukoglu, 2015). In most cases, the government could determine a monopoly, which is required to be broken up, as the organisation has become too powerful. For instance, the US looked into segregating Microsoft; however, the action has been dropped. This tends to be viewed as an extreme step and there is no assurance that the new organisations would not collude. In addition, there is a standard return rate in regulation of monopolies in the CPI-X price capping. The return rate regulation views at the size of the organisation and evaluates what would conduct a reasonable profit level from the base of capital (Lytton, 2014). In case, there is excessive profit made on the part of the organisatio n in comparison to its relative size, the regulator might enforce price cuts or take one off tax. The government often enforces regulations for investigating the abuse of monopoly power. In Australia, the fair trading office could examine the abuse of monopoly power. This might take into account unfair trading practices. Some of these practices include collusion, in which the firms agree to set greater prices (Mudambi, Navarra Delios, 2013). Collusive tendering takes place at the firms enter into contracts in fixing the bid at which they would place tender for projects. The organisations would collect the same in tureen to obtain the contract along with enabling a greater price for the contract. Predatory pricing is another reason of enforcing government regulations, in which the prices are kept to try to push the rival organisations out of the industry (Pan, 2014). Vertical restraints are inherent in vertical restraints to restrict the retailers in stocking competitor products. The government is engaged in enforcing regulations for selective distribution. For instance, in the Australian car industry, the organisations have entered into exclusive and selective network of distribution for keeping greater prices. According to the report of the Competition Commission, the Australian cars have been at least 10% greater in contrast to the European cars. The issue with monopolies is that a monopolistic organisation, left to its own concurrence, would probably select in producing at a level of output, which is much lower and provide the product at a greater price resulting from a purely competitive industry (Posner, 2014). A monopolist would produce, in which its price is higher compared to that of marginal cost depicting an under-apportionment of resources towards the product. Through the restriction of output and increasing its price, the monopolist is assured greater profits. However, this would be accomplished at the societal cost of lower consumer welfare or surplus. However, in few industries, due to the broad output range over which the economies of scale are experienced, it creates the utmost sense for a single organisation to participate. These markets are termed as natural monopolies and few examples include natural gas, cable television, utilities and other industries having greater economies of scale (Stockwell et al., 2015). The government regulators experience a dilemma to deal with natural monopolistic industries like the electricity industry. For instance, an electricity organisation having a monopoly in a specific market would base its output and price decision on the rule of profit maximisation, which is prevalent amongst all the unregulated firms. Thus, the organisations would manufacture at a level, in which the marginal revenue equals marginal cost. The issue for a monopolist is that marginal revenue is lower than the price to be charged, which depicts that at the level of profit maximisation of output, marginal cost would be lower than the price and evidence related to allocating inefficiency. This necessitates the requirement for government regulation. A government associated with obtaining the right amount of electricity to the right number of individuals (allocating efficiency) might select in a price ceiling for electricity at the extent, in which the marginal cost of the organisation is equal to the price. This would be lower than the average overall cost of the organisation (Tirole, 2014). However, this would lead to significant losses for the organisation and this might lead to shut down of the same. Hence, the government needs to set a price ceiling, in which the price is identical to the average overall cost of the organisation implying that the firm would accomplish break-even by earning normal gain. From the above discussion, it has been found that the natural monopoly conditions are at greater risk of developing actual economies and benefits of the society to regulate such situations. The regulating industries in order to reduce monopolisation along with maintaining competitive equality could be pursued with the help of average pricing of cost, regulations related to return rate, price ceilings, subsidies and taxes. Thus, the current essay has described the way and the reasons that the government might want to regulate the price setting of a natural monopoly. In addition, it has been observed that an organisation having monopoly selling power might be in a situation to exploit monopsony purchasing power. For instance, the supermarkets might utilise dominant market position in squeezing the farmers profit levels. Along with this, the government enforces regulation in order to promote the overall competition in the economy. This is because in few industries, competition could be assured and this would minimise the need for government regulation. Fifthly, some industries are adjudged as natural monopolies because of greater economies of scale and the effective number of firms is one. Hence, competition could be encouraged and it is necessary in regulating the organisation in protecting the abuse of monopoly power. The government regulators experience a dilemma to deal with natural monopolistic industries like the electricity industry. For instance, an electricity organisation having a monopoly in a specific market would base its output and price decision on the rule of profit maximisation, which is prevalent amongst all the unregulated firms. 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